Anthozoa Polyactinia. Astroides calycularis [stony cup coral polyps]. Tab. 1.

Wien, Pichler's Witwe & Sohn, 1902. Very large (140 x 130 cm) broadsheet. Lithographed on two half-sheets, combined into one. Printed in chromolithography on one side. = A very rare pictorial teaching chart depicting the morphology and anatomy of a stony coral, showing the anatomy including the polyps. Paul Pfurtscheller (1855-1927) was an Austrian zoologist and natural history artist who produced a series of "Zoologischen Wandtafeln" (zoological teaching charts, or pull-down charts, if not mounted on cardboard) from 1902 onwards. This is in fact the first of this series. Such charts were initially used only in German-speaking countries, but their use soon became common elsewhere. From 1877 onwards, Pfurtscheller was a member of the Zoological and Botanical Society of Vienna. He created the wall charts to illustrate his teaching lessons, and these were later used by the University Zoological Institute and highly regarded by eminent zoologists. Pfurtscheller completed 38 plates, of some 70 planned. A 39th, which showed a dissection of the oriental cockroach, was halted by his death, but was later completed. The charts were originally published by A. Pichler's Witwe & Sohn und Buchhandlung Lehrmittelanstalt (as is this copy), a bookstore specialising in educational literature and teaching aids in Vienna and Leipzig. Sold individually, they were often varnished, resulting in a yellowish appearance with ageing. This copy, however, is clean, as published. The first five plates went on sale in 1902. After 1926 the rights were purchased by the The Hague based publisher Martinus Nijhoff, which firm, however, used the simpler offset printing instead of chromolithography. This copy is from the earlier, and better, more richly coloured chromolithographed edition. Nissen ZBI, 3152.