Descripción

Gutes Ex.; Umschlag mit L�ren (Einrisse; berieben). - Aus der Bibliothek von Prof. Dr. Wolfram Kleiss, langj�igem Direktor des Deutschen Arch�ogischen Instituts Teheran. Text armenisch, Zusammenfassung russisch und englisch. Umschlag eingerissen. // The oldest remains of human culture-stone implements, pertaining to the Chellean period - the first phase of the lower paleolithic - were first traced in Armenia, in 1943-1945, on the south-western slopes of Mount Aragats: the stations of Mount Ar-tin, Satani-dar, Aregoony and the southern fcohills. Those men made, roughly chipped, earliest stone implements, comprise a large number of hand axes and small accessory tools which are attributed to the Chellean-period of the lower paleolithic. They are made of obsidian. Among the stone implements of the lower paleolithic, found out in the stations of Satani-dar and the contiguous area, we come across bifacially trimmed hand axes, unevenly flaked chips, rough cutting tools, points, scrapers, strippers, discs with tarnished patina. Throughout the whole of the Quaternary age, the Armenian highlands, the mountain range of Aragats, the stations of the middle course of the Hraz-dan and other regions, rich in obsidian such as Sissian, Geghaghmaghan (Aghmag-han), Mount Ararat, Tondorak, Nekh-Mas-sik (Sippan) etc. have provided an excel lent milieu for the paleolithic man, being rich in high quality obsidian quarries and a convenient environment as to its abun-dance of water and game. The age of Chellean culture is determined by quaternary layers. The hand axes of the Chellean period are among the definitely shaped hand-made implements of men; they are boulder - (T. I), pear-, almond-shaped and oval (T. II). With Chellean implements primitive man inaugurated the initial stage of the first communal society, which is regarded as the infancy of the human race. These implements bear the first evidence of man's sedentary mode of life in Armenia in the early Quaternary period2, Thus the zone where man first came into being and developed, embraces Armenia, too. Fossils of animals of the early Quaternary have also been detected in Armenia in the same layers. The fauna.,met with in the diatomites of Noornoos (the ancient elephant, the Etruscan rhinoceros, the hipparion etc.), in the vicinity of the Arzni paleolithic station, relate roughly to the same period. � (S. 317)

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